台商投资大陆区位选择影响因素的实证分析

An Empirical Study on the Location Determinants of Taiwan Direct Investment in the Mainland of China

台商对大陆投资区位选择受地区市场因素、集聚因素、劳动力因素及基础没施基本政策等因素的影响．研究利用1995年至2007年台商投资区位选择的面板数据，首先验证了台商投资区位选择受到经济规模、区域开放程度、台商集聚度、劳动成本等关键因素的影响；并在此基础上，采用变系数面板数据模型重点分析了影响因素的时变特征．主要结论包括：外贸依存度指标的变化表现了台商投资由向外出口产品的模式逐渐转向在国内市场销售的模式；区域资金配套能力表明台商企业近些年呈现了对当地资金配套的需求；集聚因素影响显著性极高，说明台资企业的集聚现象非常显著，这与当前实际发展情况相似；劳动力因素结果说明台商对于劳动力的关注已从劳动力成本向劳动力质量转变等等．这些因素的时变特征，对台商投资大陆区位选择的行为是具有较强的解释力度．

There have been many factors, which influence location choice of Taiwan direct investment in China's Mainland, such as the regional market factors, concentration factors, labor factors, and infrastructure, the basic policy, etc. In this study, the panel data of the location choice of Taiwan direct investment from 1995 to 2007 have been used to verify firstly the location choice factors of Taiwan direct investment in China's Mainland, which concludes economies of scale, regional openness, Taiwan concentration degree, labor costs. And in this paper the time-varying characteristics of Taiwan direct investment in China's Mainland have been analyzed by use of variable coefficients panel data model. There are some meaningful conclusions have been reached. The change of the dependence on foreign trade indicator showing that Taiwan direct investment pattern has been transform into the domestic market form the export-oriented model. The ability of regional flmds supporting shows that Taiwan enterprises presents the＂ needs of the local matching flmds in recent years. And the concentration factors are highly significant, which indicating the accumulation of Taiwan enterprises is an very significant phenomenon, which is in line with the actual. The result of the labor factors shows that concern on labor in China's Mainland has changes from the labor costs to the labor quality, etc.