中小学校砖混教学楼抗震承载力储备分析

Analysis on seismic bearing capacity reserve of brick masonry teaching building in the primary and middle school

5.12汶川地震震害调查表明,位于灾区的中小学校教学楼,基本是大开间横墙较少的砖混结构,与同一地区传统的小开间砖混住宅相比,其震害程度更加严重。首先阐明了砖混结构墙体抗震承载力储备系数的概念;通过对灾区的砖混中小学教学楼和传统小开间住宅的分类计算,得出了以上两类砖混结构墙体的抗震承载力储备系数统计值,提出了中小学校砖混教学楼震害严重的主要原因;对应结构的实际震害情况,提出了抗震承载力储备系数与墙体破坏程度的大致对应关系。在此基础上,对中小学校砖混教学楼的设计提出了建议。

After 5·12 Wenchuan Earthquake,the seismic damage investigation shows that most of teaching buildings in the disaster area are basically large-bay and less cross wall masonry structure,whose seismic damage was much more serious than that of traditional small-bay brick apartments in the same areas.The concept of the seismic bearing capacity reserve coefficient of the brick masonry structure was set out firstly.Through the classified calculation on the brick masonry teaching buildings and the traditional small-bay apartments in the disaster area,the seismic bearing capacity reserve coefficient statistics values of above two types building were obtained,and the main reason why the damage of the teaching buildings much more serious was proposed.Corresponding to the actual destruction of the structure,the approximate relationship between the seismic bearing capacity reserve coefficient and the damage degree was put forward.On this basis,the design suggestion to the brick masonry teaching building was provided.