药用甘薯西蒙1号胚状体的诱导及植株再生

Studies on Embryogenesis and Plant Regeneration of Sweet Potato (Simon. 1) (Ipomoea batatas) in Tissue Culture

甘薯西蒙 １号（Ｓｉｍｏｎ１）的叶片在ＭＳ＋２，４－Ｄ ０． ５ ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＫＴ ０．５ ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＡＢＡ ５ ｍｇ／Ｌ的培养基上易于诱导出愈伤组织。来源于叶片的愈伤组织分为胚性（ＥＣ）和非胚性（ＮＥＣ），ＮＥＣ的增殖速度大于 ＥＣ，继代培养时应及时将两种愈伤组织剥离才能保证ＥＣ的增殖。 ＥＣ继代在ＭＳ＋２，４－Ｄ ０．５ ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＫＴ ０．５ ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＡＢＡ ２．５ ｍｇ／Ｌ的培养基上可保证早期胚状体的正常发育，高浓度的 ＡＢＡ对胚状体的发育有抑制作用。正常发育的胚状体转移到 １／２ ＭＳ培养基上可再生成完整植株，来源于胚状体的再生植株移栽成活率高，能够象营养繁殖的植株一样结实。

High frequency somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration was realized through the leaf culture of 'Simon 1', the medium containing MS+2. 4-D 0.5 mg/L+KT 0.5 mg/L+ABA 5 mg/L was tes- tified to be suitable for the inducing of embryogenic callus. The calluses induced from the leaf had two types: non-embryogenic callus (NEC) and embryogenic callus (EC). NEC grew faster than EC and had no ability to differentiate. In order to enhance the proliferation of the embryogenic callus, NEC and EC must be separat- ed. ABA are essential to induce EC, but higher level of ABA inhibits the constant development of embryoid. When EC was subcultured on medium in which ABA concentration was half of induced medium, the embryoid developed normally. The embryoid developed well on 1/2 MS without growth regulators, plantlets from em- bryoids could grow normally and give high yield.