黄连木大小孢子发生和雌雄配子体发育研究

Megasporogenesis,Microsporogenesis and Development of Female and Male Gametophyte of Pistacia chinensis Bunge

采用石蜡切片法和整体染色透明法对黄连木大、小孢子发生及雌、雄配子体发育过程进行了研究.结果表明:黄连木雄花有4～5枚雄蕊,每花药具4个花粉囊,花药壁由表皮、药室内壁、中层(2～3层)和绒毡层组成,绒毡层为腺质型.小孢子母细胞减数分裂后胞质分裂为同时型,四分体为正四面体型和左右对称型,四分体时期可观察到少量的二分体.成熟的花粉粒为2-细胞型,球形或近球形,具2～4个萌发孔.雌花单子房,1室,1胚珠,单或双珠被,厚珠心,胚珠倒生,胚囊发育为蓼型.

The megasporogenesis,microsporogenesis and the development of female and male gametophyte of Pistacia chinensis Bunge were studied with the method of paraffin sectioning and the whole stain-clearing.The results showed that：Pistacia chinensis had 4～5 stamens in every floscule and 4 pollen sacs in every anther,the anther wall was composed of epidermis,fibrous endothecium,middle layer and glandular tapetum which was corresponds to glandular type.The cytokinesis belonged to simultaneous type after meiosis of the microspore mother cell,and their tetards were tetrahedral or isobilateral types,and a few dyads were observed at tetrad stage.The mature pollen grain which had 2～4 germinal apertures was of the 2-celled type,circular and nearly circular.The abnormal development was not found in the course of microsporogenesis and male gametophyte development.There is one ovary and one ovule.The ovule is single or double integuments,crassinucellate ovules which were anatropous.The polygonum type of mature embryo sac was detected.