^(60)Coγ射线辐照对鲜食核桃贮藏期间胚细胞超微结构的影响

Influence of ^(60)Coγ-irradiation on Ultrastructure of Embryonic Cell of Fresh Walnut during Storage

以辽河4号鲜食核桃为试材,研究了60Coγ射线辐照处理对其在常温及低温贮藏期间胚细胞超微结构的影响.结果表明:(1)辐照引起了胚细胞超微结构的变化,对细胞形态及细胞壁破坏较为明显,细胞变长或呈凹凸状,细胞壁变薄或不连续,发生质壁分离现象;线粒体和内质网数量减少,线粒体內嵴少且??细胞核核仁破损或位置偏离中央;延缓了蛋白质和脂肪的降解速度.(2)随着辐照剂量的增加和贮藏时间的延长,其胚细胞损伤渐趋严重,以萌发期的损伤最为明显,致使细胞分裂受阻,从而抑制鲜食核桃在贮藏过程中胚的萌发.

The purpose of this research was to study the influence of 60Coγ-irradiation on ultrastructure of the embryonic cell of ‘Liaohe4’ fresh walnut stored at room temperature and low temperature.Electron microscopic studies showed that irradiation with 60Coγ led to the changes of ultrastructure of embryonic cell.The greatest effects were of the morphological change of cells and the structure of cell walls：the irradiated cells were elongated and cell walls became thin or discontinuous,separation between cytoplasm and cell wall appeared;decrease of endoplasmic reticulum,mitochondrion and cristae illegibility were seen;nucleolus were damaged or deviated from the central location;the degradation of protein and fat was delayed.It might be concluded that the damage degree became more serious with the increase of irradiation dosage and the prolong of storage time;the observed damages were of higher magnitude in sprouting period than the others,storage time which blocked cell division,thereby inhibiting the process of embryo germination during storage.