聚磷酸铵为主的膨胀型阻燃剂的协效研究进展

Research Progress in Synergistic Agents of Intumescent Flame Retardants Containing Ammonium Polyphosphate

综述了近年来以聚磷酸铵(APP)为主的膨胀型阻燃剂用协效剂的开发和应用研究进展。介绍了膨胀型阻燃剂及其协效剂在高分子材料中的应用。重点论述了分子筛类的硅铝酸盐、金属氧化物及其盐类、金属氢氧化物、膨胀石墨等协效剂与膨胀型阻燃剂的协同阻燃机理。协效剂的加入能明显提高膨胀型阻燃剂的阻燃效率,减少了阻燃剂对基体性能造成的不利影响。同时,各类协效剂的成功开发为APP的表面改性和微胶囊化研究提供了有力的指导。

Progress in the synergistic agents of ammonium polyphosphate （APP） intumescent flame retardant （IFR） system was reviewed. The application of IFR and its synergistic agents in polymer materials was introduced. Four categories of synergistic agents for IFR containing ammonium polyphosphate, such as zeolite, metal oxide and metal salt, metal hydroxide, and expanded graphite were introduced. The flame retardancy and the flame retardant mechanism were also discussed. It was shown that the efficiency of the IFR could be remarkably improved by the addition of synergistic agents, and the harm to the matrix and the loading level were also decreased. The study on the synergistic agents also promoted the study on surface modification and micro encapsulation of APP.