山东省2008-2009年预防艾滋病母婴传播监测结果分析

Maternal transmission of HIV in Shandong,2008-2009

目的监测山东省预防艾滋病母婴传播咨询与检测服务情况,了解孕产妇艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染情况及流行特征,为制定预防艾滋病母婴传播干预措施提供依据。方法 2008-2009年以连续横断面调查方法对山东省部分县(市、区)的孕产妇进行HIV感染自愿咨询与检测,HIV初筛阳性者做确认试验;使用Excel和SPSS软件进行数据整理和统计分析。结果孕产妇在孕晚期接受HIV抗体检测咨询服务的比例仍然较高,在孕早期接受HIV抗体检测咨询服务的比例比较低;性传播是山东省孕产妇感染HIV的主要途径;艾滋病病毒感染孕产妇年龄主要在25～35岁之间、多为从外省嫁入的少数民族妇女、受教育程度普遍较低、家庭生活困难、多为农民或无业人员。结论从外省嫁入的少数民族妇女是艾滋病母婴传播的高发人群;育龄妇女感染HIV的初级预防是预防艾滋病母婴传播的工作重点之一;采取综合的干预措施能有效减少艾滋病母婴传播的危险,可最大程度地减少儿童感染艾滋病,降低艾滋病对妇女、儿童的影响。

Objective To analyze epidemiological characteristics of maternal transmission of HIV in Shandong province.Methods A total of 118 625 pregnant women were randomly selected for voluntary counseling and testing for HIV infection from 6 counties with cross-sectional sampling.Results The proportion of voluntary counseling and testing was higher in anaphase of pregnancy than that in forepart of pregnancy.Sex activity was the primary risk of HIV transmission and the major age group of HIV infected pregnant women was between 25 and 35 year old.Pregnant women married from provinces other than Shandong had higher proportion of HIV infection.Conclusion It is very important to prevent maternal transmission of HIV.The multi-dimensional preventive measures should be taken to prevent procreative women of HIV infection.