国防生自尊、自我效能感及个性特征的研究

Study on Self-esteem,Self-efficacy and Personality of National Defense Students.

目的了解国防生自尊、自我效能感状况及其个性特征,为开展心理健康教育提供参考。方法采用自尊量表(SES)、一般自我效能感量表(GSES)以及艾森克人格问卷(EPQ),对广东省内4所大学的535名在读本科男性国防生进行调查。结果 1大学一年级国防生的自尊水平显著高于其它年级(F=6.861,P<0.01);文科国防生显著高于理工科国防生(t=2.070,P<0.05);学生干部显著高于非学生干部(t=2.019,P<0.05);2城市居住地国防生整体自我效能水平显著高于城镇和农村国防生(F=3.763,P<0.05);3担任学生干部者EPQ内外向维度评分显著高于普通国防生(t=3.376,P<0.01);独生国防生EPQ的精神质维度得分显著高于非独生国防生(t=2.395,P<0.05);国防生艾森克量表各维度评分与大学生、军校学员及军人常模得分存在差异;4国防生自尊水平、自我效能水平以及艾森克各量表得分三者之间存在显著相关性。结论国防生自尊水平与年级、专业、是否任职学生干部等因素有关;自我效能水平与是否独生因素有关;国防生人格特征与军校生和军人群体相对接近,但与大学生群体有所不同。

Objective To learn about the Self-esteem,Self-efficacy and personality of national defense students,in order to provide reference for their mental health education.Methods A total of 535 male national defense students from 4 colleges in Guangdong Province were tested by Self-esteem Scale（SES）,General Self-efficacy Scale（GSES） and Eysenck personality questionnaire（EPQ）.Results ①The self-esteem score of freshmen was significantly higher than those of the the other grades students（F=6.861,P0.01）;that of the liberal arts students was significantly higher than that of the students majoring in science and engineering（t=2.070,P0.05）;that of the student leaders was significantly higher than that of the students not leaders（t=2.019,P0.05）.②The general self-efficacy score of national defense students who came from cities was significantly higher than that of the students from towns and countries（F=3.763,P0.05）.③National defense student leaders were more extroversion than the students not leaders（t=3.376,P0.01）;the psychoticism score in EPQ of the only child students was significantly higher than that of the students not only child（t=2.395,P0.05）;the scores of the subscales in EPQ of national defense students were different from those of the military students,servicemen and norm.④The correlations between self-esteem,self-efficacy and subscales of EPQ were significant.Conclusions Grade,Major and to be student leader or not are concerned to the self-esteem of the national defense students;to be only child or not is concerned to the self-efficacy.The personality of the national defense students is slightly same to that of the military students and servicemen,but is different from that of the university students.