156例早产儿颅内出血围生期相关因素分析

Perinatal Risk Factors for Intracranial Hemorrhage in Premature Infants: A Report of 156 Cases

目的探讨围生期危险因素与早产儿颅内出血发生的相关性。方法收集2007年4月～2009年7月在本院新生儿科住院的156例早产儿病例资料,根据床旁B超的检查结果诊断,分析颅内出血与围生期危险因素的关系。结果 156例出生体重≤2000g,胎龄≤36周的早产儿中发现92例(58.97%)颅内出血患儿。分析围生期危险因素中,分娩方式、宫内窘迫、胎膜早破及母体异常、胎龄、出生体重、1分钟阿氏评分、呼吸窘迫的发生及低体温对颅内出血的发生率有影响(P<0.05);而保胎有无、羊水异常、胎盘异常、脐带异常、低血糖与颅内出血的发生率无明显影响(P>0.05)。结论围生期危险因素中,分娩方式、宫内窘迫、胎膜早破及母体异常、胎龄、出生体重、1分钟阿氏评分、呼吸窘迫的发生及低体温对颅内出血的发生有影响。

Objective To investigate the perinatal risk factors of intracranial hemorrhage in preterm infants. Methods All of 156 cases of preterm infants hospitalized from Apr. 2007 to July. 2009 were examined by the bedside cranial ultrasound. The relation between the perinatal risk factors and the incidence of intracranial hemorrhage in preterm infants was analyzed. Results Intracranial hemorrhage was diagnosed in 92 （58.97%） cases of preterm infants. In perinatal risk factors, the mode of delivery, fetal distress, premature rupture of membrane, maternal abnormity, gestational age, birth weight, 1 minute Apgar score, development of respiratory dis- tress syndrome and hypothermia were correlated with the incidence of intracranial hemorrhage in preterm infants（ P〈0.05）.However, the tocolysis, abnormal amniotic fluid,abnormal placenta, abnormal umbilical cord and hypoglycemia showed no correlation with the incidence of intracranial hemorrhage in preterm infants （P〉0.05）. Conclusion In perinatal risk factors, the mode of delivery, fetal distress, premature rupture of membranes, maternal disorders, gestational age, birth weight, 1 minute Apgar score, development of respiratory distress syndrome and hypothermia are correlated with the incidence of intracranial hemorrhage in preterm infants.