日光温室葡萄促早栽培休眠期和生长期的温度变化

Temperature Changing in Sunlight Greenhouse During the Grape Dormancy Times and Growth Stage

对宁夏银川地区日光温室促早栽培葡萄休眠期至果实成熟期温度变化进行测定分析。结果表明：葡萄休眠期采取低温集中处理,可以延长打破葡萄休眠的有效低温（0-7.2℃）时数,但夜间应将棚室风口开小或者关闭。采取低温集中处理,可以使温室内地温不会下降很快,升温后地温仅比气温延迟1 d达到10℃以上,满足葡萄根系生长和冬芽萌发需求;葡萄初花期至盛花期和浆果生长期至成熟期温室内平均气温分别为16.1-20.0℃、19.9-22.3℃,对于葡萄开花期和浆果成熟期的最适温度来说,气温略低;葡萄萌芽生长期到浆果生长期,日光温室内的最高气温达到29.8-40.4℃,最低气温为3.7-8.5℃,昼夜温差较大,白天应注意通风降温,夜间注意保温。

Temperature changing from the dormancy to ripeness of grape cultivated in solar greenhouse was monitored and analysized.The results showed that covering greenhouse with plastic and thermal insulation quilt during the dormancy times of grape,the effective temperature of breaking dormancy of grape can be extended,but the greenhouse vent should be open a small or closed at night.The soil temperature decreased slowly,and after warming greenhouse,the soil temperature was only a day later than the air temperature risen to over 10℃,which can meet the needs for buds＇ shooting and roots＇ growing.During early florescence and full florescence,the average air temperature in sola greenhouse was from 16.1~20.0℃,and from growth period of fruit to period of ripeness,the temperature,which ranges between 19.9~22.3℃,were a bit of lower than the most proper temperature for the period of blooming and ripeness.During the period of buds＇shooting and ripening,the maximum air temperature in sola greenhouse ranges from 29.8~40.4℃,the minimum air temperature in sola greenhouse was from 3.7~8.5℃.Great difference in temperature during day and night,so attention should be paid to ventilation,lower the temperature by day and thermal insulation by night.