浑善达克沙地麻叶荨麻必需矿物质含量及其季节动态变化

Essential Mineral Contents and Their Seasonal Dynamic Changes of Hempleaf Nettle (Urtica cannabina L.) in Ortindag Sandy Land

为了探讨麻叶荨麻必需矿物元素的积累与季节变化,及其必需微量元素在土壤、家畜体内的盈缺状况,选择浑善达克沙地野生麻叶荨麻作为试验材料,对不同季节钾(K)、钠(Na)、钙(Ca)、镁(Mg)、铁(Fe)、锌(Zn)、铜(Cu)、锰(Mn)元素的含量进行了分析。结果表明,麻叶荨麻中矿物元素含量高,富含Ca、Mg、K、Fe;各元素平均含量排序依次为K>Mg>Ca>Na,Fe>Mn>Zn>Cu;随着季节变迁,Ca、Mg、K、Fe、Zn、Cu、Mn含量呈降低趋势,Na则呈升高趋势。全年土-草-畜中铁含量充盈,但春季家畜大量采食可能会发生铁中毒;春夏季植物中的锌、锰量在正常范围内,锰可满足牛的需要,但秋冬季锰严重缺乏;夏秋季铜量在植物体内基本正常,除了5月能满足牛的需要外,其余季节均不能;麻叶荨麻中的锌常年都不能满足牛的需要。

The trail was conducted to study the contents of mineral elements and their seasonal dynamic changes,as well as the situation of surplus or deficiency of essential trace elements in plant soil and livestock.So,analyzed the contents of kalium（K）,sodium（Na）,calcium（Ca）,magnesium（Mg）,ferrum（Fe）,zincum（Zn）,cuprum（Cu）,manganese（Mn） of wild hempleaf nettle in Ortindag Sandy Land,Inner Mongolia.The results showed that hempleaf nettle had high mineral contents,and it was rich in Ca,Mg,K,Fe.The sort order of average content of all elements was K Mg Ca Na,Fe Mn Zn Cu.With the time going,Ca,Mg,K,Fe,Zn,Cu and Mn content decreased,Na increased.Fe in plant and soil was sufficient in the whole year,and it met with livestock requirement.But if fed lots of hempleaf nettle in spring,animal probably occurred Fe poisoning.In spring and summer,Zn and Mn contents in plant was within normal limits.Mn could meet with cattle requirement in spring-summer,but it lacked seriously in autumn-winter.Cu in plant was at almost normal level in summer-autumn,and could meet cattle requirement only in May,and it could not meet cattle＇s in other seasons,but Zn could not meet cattle＇s at all in the whole year.