杀菌剂的合并使用

THE COMPLEX UTILIZATION OF BACTERICIDES

硫酸盐还原菌（简称ＳＲＢ）是微生物腐蚀的主要原因之一。目前油田注水中主要采用投加杀菌剂的方法来抑制ＳＲＢ，最常用的杀菌剂为“１２２７”（十二烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵），由于使用时间较长，ＳＲＢ产生了一定的抗药性，造成油田注水费用的增加，针对这种情况有必要寻求有效的方法来防治抗药菌。资料表明，细菌对两种不同作用的药物同时产生抗药性几乎是不可能的。两种药物的合并使用也不乏是避免耐药菌产生的有效途径，杀菌剂的合并使用可能会产生三种不同的作用：协同作用、加成作用和拮抗作用。应用Ｌｏｅｗｅ的等效线法将实验室合成的新药（ＢＱＡ）与甲硝唑（ＭＥ）进行复配，通过几种典型浓度复配液的最低杀菌浓度的测定，快速完成了对复配杀菌剂的杀菌效果评定，绘制出药物合并使用等效线，根据等效图找出了复配杀菌剂的最佳配比。将此ＳＲＢ置于最佳配比的复配杀菌剂中进行了耐药菌的培养实验，结果表明，在复配药剂中未获得耐药菌。复配杀菌剂不仅对初始细菌有效，而且对已产生了抗药性（抗１２２７）耐药菌以及油田现场提供的耐药菌也具有显著的杀菌效果。

Corrosion of Sulfate Reducing Bacteria (SRB) is one of the main causes of Microbiological Inducing Corrosion in the injection water of oil field.At present,bactericides are widely used to inhibit SRB.Specially“1227”(ducedyldimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride)has been used more widely.However,“1227”was used so long that SRB produce resistance to it.Therefore,it is ne cessary to study on how to deal with the drug resistance bacteria. It has been reported that bacteria could be induced drug resistance to a bactericide when it is used too long.But it is impossible that the drug resistance of bacteria can be produced by two kinds of bactericides simultaneously.There are three actions by merging two kinds of bactericides,such as coordination,addition,and restraint.A new quick test method is adapted to study the complex bactericide.From Loewe equivalent curve,a complex bactericide with the merge of a new synthetic bactericide (BQA) is obtained and Metronidazol flagyl (ME),has good effectiveness on SRB and inhibit the drug resistance SRB with the low cost.It has satisfactory effectiveness on not only the drug resistance bacteria produced from the lab,but also the drug resistance bacteria sampled from the oil field.In addition,to apply the complex bactericide,further research work in oil field is needed.