从“朱陆之争”到“内在理路”——余英时中国学术思想史研究理念与方法管窥

From Zhu-Lu Dispute to Inner logic:A View of Yu Yingshi's Research of Chinese Academic Thought

"朱陆之争"是南宋以来儒学的中心问题,它也像一根红线贯穿于明清学术思想发展之始终。正是由朱陆之争这条线索出发,余英时先生发现了近世儒家思想演进的内在秘密,那就是:纵向的儒家智识主义的兴起,横向的知识与道德的紧张和平衡。同时,在宋以来的中国思想史研究中,特别是由于朱陆之争这条线索的发现,余先生提出并实践了"内在理路"的学术文化发展理念与研究方法。在宋明理学如何转向清代考证学的研究中,余先生认定"内在理路"说解释的有效性。而这一"内在理路"又可概括为两大精神或要义:一是强调中国思想文化演进的内在动力,一是注意抉发中国思想文化的知识传统。

The dispute of Zhu Xi and Lu Jiuyuan has been the central issue of Confucianism since the south Song Dynasty. Like a red thread it has run through the development of academic thought in the Ming and Qing dynasties. In the light of the dispute Yu Yingshi found out the internal mystery of the evolution of Confucianism in modern China. It is the rise of Confucian intellectualism and the intension and balance between knowledge and morality. Meanwhile, in the study of the Chinese ideology Mr. Yu put forward an inner logic and practiced it in academic culture study. Furthermore, he proved the validity of inner logic in the research of the Chinese ideological history from the Song and Ming Dynasties to the Qing Dynasty. Inner logic can be summed up by two spirits, the internal motivation of the Chinese cultural evolution and the promotion of the Chinese traditional cultural heritage.