论盛宣怀与上海华盛纺织总厂的利权维护

On Sheng Xuan-huai and the Defense of Shanghai Huasheng Spinning Mill's Rights and Interests

盛宣怀是近代中国第一代实业家,在承替郑观应等人的纺织事业之后,开办了上海华盛纺织总厂,成为推动中国民族资本主义发展的重要人物。在当时内忧外患的环境下,纺织总厂的发展颇为艰难坎坷,为了维护其利权和发展,盛宣怀从思想到实践方面都表现出了惊人的远见和智慧。商本商办是盛基于经济规律的理想追求,官督商办是他基于历史条件的现实行动,过度强调"欲办大事,兼作高官"的影响以揭示盛宣怀政治追求与经济追求之间的矛盾,势必引向对时代背景的忽视和个人品行的偏见,官督商办在客观上与时代条件具有相互适应性,盛宣怀主观上也存在对官督商办的理性认知与选择,不辱那个时代一个民族资本家的使命。

Sheng Xuan-huai was a key member of the Westernization Movement and one of the first generation industrialists in modern China. Following Zheng Guan-ying and other entrepreneurs, he set up the Shanghai Huasheng Spinning Mill and became the driving force of Chinese national capitalism. At the time of internal disturbance and foreign aggression, the spinning mill＇s development was faced with many difficulties and obstacles. In order to defend its economic rights, interests and progress, Sheng Xuan-huai displayed outstanding foresight and wisdom from thought to practice. The mode of merchant-capital business was his ideal pursuit based on the economic law, while the mode of government-supervised business was his realistic practice under the historic circumstances. The over-emphasis of his notion of ＂to accomplish great causes, and to be a senior official＂, as well as the contradiction between his political and economical pursuits will inevitably result in the negligence of the social background and prejudice in his conduct. Objectively, the government-supervised business mode has mutual adaptability with the social background; subjectively, it suits Sheng＇s rational recognition and choice, carrying out a national capitalist＇s mission successfully.