四川地震灾后生态低碳均衡的统筹重建模式

The Overall Planning Reconstruction Model of Low Carbon Ecosystem Balance in Post Sichuan Earthquake

5.12汶川大地震破坏了四川的森林、草地、农田和湿地等生态要素,灾区的气候、山体、水体、森林等环境参量受地震影响发生了变化,生态系统表现出高碳不均衡特征。为了解决生态系统高碳化,本文采用系统均衡理论,从灾区生态实际状况出发,归纳出灾后生态系统整体特征——熵值增大化、结构高碳化、生态复杂化、系统巨量化;针对震后生态系统结构表现出的高碳化,通过对生态碳循环规律的深入研究,提出生态碳循环均衡概念,构建出灾后生态低碳均衡结构;运用统筹思想,兼顾自然生态系统和人工生态系统碳循环的不同特点,以自然生态的增汇和人工生态的减源作为实践方向,建立灾后生态重建的运行模式;从生态城市、生态工业、生态农业三个维度实施灾后低碳重建工程,并提出在灾区实施低碳政策、实现低碳生产、构建碳汇基地、建立碳汇市场等相关建议,保障灾后生态恢复与人类社会重建的可持续协调发展。

Wenchuan Earthquake destroyed the forest, grassland, farmland and wetlands and other ecological factors, and the climate, mountains, water, forests and other environmental parameters affected by the earthquake have changed in the Sichuan disaster area. The ecosystem presents the high-carbon imbalance feature. From the actual situation of the ecology in the disaster area, this paper summarizes four overall characteristics of the ecosystem-increasing of entropy, high carbonation of structure, complexity of ecology, and huge amount of system, then builds a new structure of the ecological low-carbon balance through analyzing the law of the ecological carbon cycle, establishes the postdisaster operation mode of ecological reconstruction by coordinating different traits of the carbon cycle of the natural ecosystems and the artificial ecosystems, and puts forward low carbon policy recommendations from three aspects of the eco-eity, the eco-industry and the eco-agrieuhure.