美国沿岸权制度研究

Study on Riparian Rights in America

在美国,沿岸权是土地所有人用水权的根据之一,包括但不限于用水和从特定水体收益的权利。依据沿岸权的用水必须属于"合理"用水。在普通法中,一项用水是否"合理",根据个案的具体情况进行判断。传统的沿岸权制度体系难以适应水资源日益紧张的客观形势,目前美国大多数实行沿岸权制度的州已经采用行政许可手段对传统的沿岸权体系进行了改造。

In America, the riparian rights are a bundle of rights including but not limited to the right to use water and the right of benefiting from the water bodies, etc. on which the water rights of riparian land owner are based. Under the riparian doctrine, water use must be reasonable which is justified by a relation approach. Most of the eastern states have modified the old system by using permits to regulate the riparian rights.