领导干部心理健康状况及应对方式调查

Surveys on mental health status and coping style of leaders

目的探讨领导干部的心理健康状况及应付方式特点，为有效干预及预防提供依据。方法采用整群随机抽样法，抽取广东省某党校6个班186名培训干部，应用症状自评量表、应付方式问卷进行统一测评分析。结果领导干部症状自评量表各因子分均低于全国常模（P〈0．01）；与普通员工相比，除恐怖、精神病性症状、躯体化等因子分无显著差异外，其余各因子评分均显著低于普通员工组；高级职称者强迫症状及抑郁因子分显著高于中级职称者（P＜0．05）；女性干部抑郁和躯体化因子分显著高于男性干部；研究生及以上学历者强迫症状、抑郁、躯体化因子分及总分显著高于本科及以下学历者。领导干部中混合型应对方式比率显著高于普通员工，不成熟型应对方式比率显著低于普通员工（P均〈0．05）。结论领导干部总体心理健康状况及应付方式较好，但不同性别、学历及级别间存在差异性。应根据不同群体的特点采取有针对性的干预及预防措施。

Objective To explore the mental health status and coping style of leaders to provide basis for further intervention and prevention. Methods Unified evaluations were conducted with the Symptom Checklist 90（SCL-90） and Coping Style Questionnaire（CSQ） in 186 training cadres of 6-classes in one Party School of Guangdong were selected by cluster random sampling. Results Each factor average score of the SCL-90 were all lower in the leaders compared with national norm（P〈0.01） ; compared with general staff, there were no significant differences in phobias, psychotic symptoms and somatization, but other facors scores were significantly lower; scores of obsessive-compulsive symptom and depression were significantly higher in the leaders with senior title than in ones with the intermediate（P〈0.05） ; scores of depression and somatization were significantly higher in the female than in the male; scores of obsessive-compulsive symptom , depression, somatization and the total score were were significantly higher in leaders with post-graduate diploma and above than in ones undergraduate diploma and below. The mixed type rate was significantly higher and the immature significantly lower in leadres than in general staff（all P〈0.05）. Conclusion The overall mental health status and coping style of leading cadres are better, bu there are differences in ones with different gender, educational background and hierarchy. Pertinent intervention and prevention measures should be taken according to different population features.