三维频率-波数域视速度去噪方法

3-D denoising method through visual speed in frequency-wavenumber domain

利用地震剖面的时间-空间坐标与其三维傅里叶变换之间的对应关系,在频率-波数域进行三维去噪,并通过余弦函数加权衰减避免吉普斯截断效应,形成三维频率-波数域视速度去噪方法。应用结果表明:所提方法能较好地区分有效信息和干扰信息,当有效信息和干扰信息的视速度十分接近时,在去除干扰信息的同时能较好地保留有效信息;对于信噪比一般和信噪比极低的资料,需要采取不同的去噪步骤;三维去噪能极大地提高信噪比,较好地实现保真和保幅,具有二维去噪无法比拟的优越性。

A 3-D denoising method was put forward. The noise through visual speed in 3-D frequency-wavenumber domain is removed utilizing the corresponding relationship between the time-spatial coordinates and Fourier transformation. The Gibbs effect is avoided by weighting and attenuating the cosine function. The results show that the denoising method can effectively distinguish valid information from interfering information. When the visual speed of the valid information and interfering information are very close, the valid information can be properly retained while removing the interfering information. Different denoising steps will be used when the signal-to-noise ratio of seismic data is general or very low. The denoising method is used in actual seismic data processing. It can promote signal-to-noise ratio greatly, and achieve good effect in keeping authenticity and extent. 3-D denoising method has many advantages compared with 2-D denoising method.