基站定位技术在海上搜救系统中的应用

Application of Base-station Position Technology in Maritime Search and Rescue System

随着全球导航卫星系统(GNSS)的发展,搜救船舶通过GNSS实时确定自身位置,并作为已知的参考坐标并利用基站定位技术确定遇险船舶位置,从而提高海上搜救效能。通过分析成熟的基站定位算法,并在实验室环境和实际GSM网络下进行测试,选择1/NTA技术进行单船定位,选择U-TDOA技术进行多船组合定位,在很大程度上提高了船舶的定位精度。这种利用廉价而且普及的手机进行定位的方案,解决了难以确定遇险船舶位置的问题,为海上搜救定位提供了新的思路。

With the development of global navigation satellite system （GNSS）, maritime search and rescue vessels can get their location exactly. So, it is possible to locate the shipwreck through a known reference point. The application of base station position technology to determine the ship in distress will greatly enhance the effectiveness of maritime search and rescue. After analyzing the maturation of the base station location algorithm, and testing its accuracy in the laboratory, environment and under actual GSM network, the 1/N TA technology and the U-TDOA technology are selected for single vessel positioning and for multi-vessel portfolio positioning separately, which greatly improves the positioning accuracy of search and rescue. The application of cheap and popular mobile phone positioning provides a new consideration of location, which is a difficult problem in maritime search and rescue.