浅析妓女形象的嬗变——从古典青楼文学到狭邪小说

The Prostitute's Changing Image——From Classical Brothel Literature to Xiaxie Novels

青楼文学在中国古代文学史上占据着重要的地位。而狭邪小说是中国古典青楼文学在近代的特殊发展。其中的妓女形象相较于中国古典青楼文学中的妓女形象而言,出现了相当大的变化。通过文本细读,对妓女的姿容与体态、性情与人格、才艺与诗性、与名士的关系等方面的比较,可以发现,与古典青楼文学相比,狭邪小说中的妓女形象失去了美丽的容貌、出尘的气质、高尚的人格以及与名士的美好关系,而变得丑陋、庸俗。这种变化的原因在于官妓的没落与私妓的兴起,清中叶至清末政治腐败、社会风气萎靡,文学体裁的变化以及文学通俗化、商品化的发展趋势等。

Brothel literature occupies an important position in history of Chinese traditional literature.Xiaxie novels are considered a modern development of classical brothel literature.Images of prostitutes underwent a significant change from classical literature to xiaxie novels.By text reading and comparing prostitutes in classical brothel literature with those in xiaxie novels,from their physical features,disposition,talents,and relationships with personages,it＇s apparent that prostitutes in xiaxie novels lost their predecessors＇beautiful features,refined temperament,noble personalities,and nice relationships with personages,and became unattractive and vulgar.This change resulted from the end of government sponsored prostitution and the rise of private prostitutes,as well as the political corruption and degenerating social climate that prevailed from the mid-to-late Qing Dynasty as literary genre changed and popularization and commercialization of literary.