麻痹性贝毒在栉孔扇贝体内短期的累积与排出过程

Accumulation of short term and depuration process of paralytic shellfish poisoning in Chinese scallop Chlamys farreri

初步研究了微小亚历山大藻Alexandrium minutum产生的麻痹性贝毒(paralytic shellfish poisoning,PSP)在栉孔扇贝Chlamys farreri体内短期累积、转化与排出的规律。结果表明,在累积实验阶段,栉孔扇贝内脏、肌肉及生殖腺中的PSP毒素含量均随实验时间的延长而逐渐增加,累积20 h后内脏的毒性达21.56μgSTXeq/100 g,累积速率为1.05μgSTXeq/100 g/h。内脏是毒素累积的主要部位,含量占贝体内PSP毒素总量的89.5%,累积率为6.4%,远远高于肌肉、生殖腺。经过30 h的排出阶段,扇贝总毒性减少到15.05μgSTX eq/100 g,排出速率为0.22μgSTXeq/100 g.h,仅为累积速率的1/5。

In this paper,the accumulation and depuration of palytic shellfish poisoning（PSP） in Chinese scallop Chlamys farreri was studied.Through short term feeding experiment,Chlamys farreri has a high ability to accumulate PSP,it could reach 21.56 μgSTX eq/100 g in viscera after 20 h exposed to toxic Alexandrium minutum,and accumulation efficiency in each scallop was 1.05 μgSTXeq/100 g/h.The toxin content found in viscera is much higher than other tissues,accounting 89.5%of the tota1,more than the muscle and gonads.The results showed that viscera is the main part for the toxin accumulation in shellfish,with the accumulation efficiency being 6.4%at the end of accumulation period.During the thirty hours elimination period,the amount of total PSP decreased to 15.05 μgSTXeq/100 g,and elimination efficiency in each scallop was 0.22 μgSTXeq/100 g/h,it is only 1/5 of accumulation efficiency.Furthermore,the toxin profile in shellfish is different to algae.The ratio of different PSP toxins changed during the whole experiment period.