流沙湾养殖区的贝类毒素分析

Analysis of PSP and DSP toxicity in shellfish of maricultural area in Liusha Bay of Guangdong

为掌握流沙湾养殖区贝类毒素的特征情况,作者进行了贝类和浮游植物样品采集。小白鼠生物法和高效液相色谱法的检测结果表明:(1)PSP毒素在各季节均有出现,但含量值较低,且染毒的生物品种不多。春季样品中的毒素成分较多,有6种,属低毒性值和中等毒性值成分,但其总毒性值相对较高;而在冬季样品中,春季出现的各毒素成分均未被检出,取而代之的是两种新的中高毒性值的毒素成分,但其总毒性值低于春季。污染的主要贝类品种是牡蛎。(2)DSP毒素的含量值较高,季节性和染毒的生物品种均较为普遍。但OA成分未检出。(3)在贝类消费方面,PSP和DSP毒素一年四季均应予以关注,但PSP更应注意春季,而DSP应多注意秋季。在该海域,应重点注意的是DSP毒素的危害。(4)该海域存在能产生DSP毒素的具尾鳍藻Dinophysis caudata。

We attempt to find out the main character of DSP（diarrhetic shellfish poisoning） and PSP（paralytic shellfish poisoning） in the mari-cultural waters of Guangdong LiuSha Bay.The samples of shellfish and phytoplankton have collected from the mari-cultural waters in later-years,including 4 species of shellfish,1 species of fish,total 12 samples,and were studied with Mouse bioassay and HPLC.The results showed：（1） PSP exist in varied seasons,but the content and infecting species was less.The toxicity was comparatively higher in springtime,including 6 ingredients of low and middling toxicity.Toxicity was comparatively lower in winter,including 2 ingredients of high and middling toxicity except springtime.It was not beyond the guard-value.Infecting species mostly was Crassostrea rivularis.（2） The toxicity of DSP was comparatively higher,abroad in seasons and species,but OA ingredient was absence.（3） The more attention to toxins of shellfish especially in DSP in the waters should be paid,minding PSP in springtime and DSP in autumn in edible aquaculture.（4） The Dinophysis caudate could product DSP toxins in the waters.