广西两地儿童看护人对腹泻病知信行调查

Survey of diarrhea knowledge,attitude and practice of caregivers of children in two areas of Guangxi

目的探讨儿童看护人对腹泻病认知、态度、行为(KAP)及影响因素,为防控提供依据。方法在广西柳州、罗城两地对整群随机抽样入户调查获得的403名5岁以下儿童的看护人进行腹泻病KAP调查,采用Foxpro 7.0软件包件建立数据库并采用PEMS 2.1进行统计分析。结果被调查人群对腹泻病常见症状(总知晓率为90.32%)、发病相关行为习惯(81.14%)及传播途径(71.96%)均有所了解。分别有76.18%、68.24%和49.38%对腹泻病症状体征、与发病有关的相关行为习惯和传播途径了解不够全面,其中对腹泻(67.25%)及腹痛(61.54%)知晓率较高;就诊意愿中分别有55.58%和59.06%会自行购药治疗和就诊,不就诊的原因主要为"认为病情不重",和"医疗点路途太远"和"医疗费用太贵"等,其中"医疗点路途太远"为农村高于城市。结论 5岁以下儿童的看护人对腹泻病的知晓率尚待提高。应加强腹泻病防治知识的健康教育,提高农村卫生服务的可及性。

Aim To investigate the knowledge,attitude and practice（KAP）to diarrhea in caregivers of children and its influencing factors,and to provide evidences for disease control.Methods KAP surveys were conducted in 403 caregivers of children less than 5 years of age living in the households selected by random cluster sampling.Data collected was entered into a database built on the platform of Foxpro 7.0 and analyzed using the statistical software PEMS 2.1.Results The population surveyed was aware of the frequent signs and symptoms（the aggregate awareness rate 90.32%）,diarrhea-related behaviors（81.14%）and mode of transmission（71.96%）.Incomplete understanding of signs and symptoms,diarrhea-related behaviors and mode of transmission were found in 76.18%、68.24% and 49.38% of the caregivers surveyed,respectively.The awareness rate of diarrhea（67.25%）and abdominal pain（61.54%）were found to be quite high.Out of the 403 people those,＂the health-care service is too far＂was complained by more rural residents than those living in urban areas.Conclusions The awareness of diarrhea in caregivers of children less than 5 years of age needs to be improved.It is necessary to strengthen the health education regarding diarrhea prevention and the accessibility of health service in rural areas.