深圳市家养猫和犬宠物弓形虫感染及相关因素调查

Survey of Toxoplasma gondii infection in pet cats and dogs in Shenzhen

目的了解深圳市家养猫、犬宠物的弓形虫感染状况,并探讨饲养相关因素对感染率的影响。方法选择家养宠物猫犬876只,采用酶联免疫吸附(ELISA)方法检测血清弓形虫的循环抗原CAg及其IgG抗体;对宠物主人进行饲养相关行为的问卷调查,并分析影响猫、犬宠物弓形虫感染率的饲养相关因素。结果共调查宠物猫278只和宠物犬598只,弓形虫感染率分别为4.68%和3.34%,特区内外不同行政区域宠物的弓形虫感染率无显著性差异。在各饲养相关因素中,不同来源、年龄和饮食习惯的宠物的弓形虫感染率显著不同。本地购买或繁殖宠物的感染率低,收养的流浪宠物感染率高;随着年龄增大,宠物的弓形虫感染率逐渐增高;仅吃专用食品和熟食的宠物感染率低,有生食、半生食和外出觅食习惯的猫犬感染率高。结论深圳市家养猫犬宠物的弓形虫感染率处于较低水平,无明显城乡差异;不同来源、年龄和饮食习惯宠物的感染率存在着统计学差异。

Aim To explore the infectious status of Toxoplasma gondii in pet cats and dogs in Shenzhen and analyze the relevant factors associated with the infection rates.Methods 876 pets were sampled fordetection of CAg and IgG to Toxoplasma gondii by ELISA.The owners of the pets were surveyed including the age,gender,diet,cleaning habit,physical check,and risk behavior.Results 278 cats,598 dogs and their masters were surveyed.The positive rates of CAg and IgG to Toxoplasma gondii in cats and dogs were 4.68% and 3.34% respectively without significant differences among the five different administrative area of Shenzhen.The infection rate of local purchased or raised pets was low while that of desert pets being adopted was high,showing significant increase in seropositivity along with the increase of age.The seropositivity among specialized or cooked food eating group,raw or half-raw food eating group and field hunting food group also showed statistically significant difference.Conclusion Seroprevalences of Toxoplasma gondii in pet cats and dogs in Shenzhen is in relatively low level and significant differences were observed in origin,age and food habit of these pets.