1950～2009年江西省丰城市麻疹流行病学特征分析

Epidemiological analysis of measles from 1950 to 2009 in Fengcheng City of Jiangxi

目的分析丰城市1950～2009年麻疹流行病学特征,为控制和消除麻疹提供依据。方法对麻疹发病情况进行描述性流行病学分析。结果 1950～2009丰城市共报告麻疹病例218086例,年均发病率398.28/10万。发病率最高是1971年,最低是1989年,不同年代发病率的差异有统计学意义(P<0.005)。农村病例占总数的96.70%。发病年龄主要以<15岁为主,占91.65%,但2005～2009年<1岁和≥15岁人群构成比上升明显,分别为34.78～40.74%、8.70～17.81%。60～80年代初发病时间先后出现两个流行高峰,3～6月和11月～次年1月,90年代和21世纪时间分布为明显的3～6月单峰高发。结论丰城市麻疹发病率相对稳定,发病年龄呈现"双向移位"趋势,给麻疹控制和消除工作带来挑战,要达到消除目标,除了要做好常规免疫外,建立和完善查验证预防接种证制度,加强成人麻疹监测和免疫具有重要意义。

Aim To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of measles in sixty year＇s period from 1950 to 2009 in Fengcheng City.Methods Data concerning control of measles were analyzed.Results There 218 086 measles cases were reported totally from 1950 to 2009 with the annual average incidence of 398.28/100000.The highest incidence was reported in 1971 while the lowest was reportde in 1989.The cases in rural areas accounted for 96.70%.Measles cases aged under 15 years old account for 91.65%,From 1960s to the early 1980s,measles mainly occurred from March to June and November to January with a double-peak,while ftom 1990s to the early decade of 21st century occurred from March to June with a unimodal curve.Conclusion The incidence of measles in Fegcheng City is stable and routine immunization and monitoring are effective for reducing incidence of measles in this city.