自然灾害风险评估研究进展

A Review of Natural Disaster Risk Assessment

本文对国内外现有自然灾害风险形成机理、评估方法及技术应用等进行阐述,从评估目标、空间信息技术的应用及评估单元的选择三方面分析现有评估方法存在的不足。在此基础上,提出未来的自然灾害风险评估应从细致、准确的角度出发,注重基于多源遥感影像的RS和GIS技术的应用,将灾害预报的致灾因子相关信息与地面背景数据进行有效匹配,使风险评估结果落实到具体承灾体,从而增加灾害预警预报的实时性和可操作性。

The paper presented a comprehensive review of worldwide research efforts in natural disaster risk assessment, the main theories, methods and techniques were elaborated, and pointed out its problems in three aspects： assessment target, the application of information techniques in assessment and the basic assessment unit. Then it proposed the future natural disaster risk assessment should be researched with detailed, accurate perspective, make the most of multi-source remote sensing image based on RS and GIS, take the disaster forecast information （the information about disaster-induced factors） and ground-based data matching effectively, which would carry out the risk assessment results according to hazard-affected bodies, and increase the real-time operability of disaster warning and forecasting.