2[2]J. S. Johar and M. Joseph Sirgy,"Value-Expressive Versus Utilitarian Advertising Appeals: When and Why to Use Which Appeals" , Journal of Advertising,No.3, 1991.
3[9]Robert Rosenblum, Towards a Definition in New Art, New York: Rizzoli, 1991, pp.44-45. 转引自 Juliann Sivulka, A Cultural History of American Advertising, Wadsworth Publishing Company,1998;东北财经大学出版社,1998版,第299页.