贸易发展对我国熟练及非熟练劳动力相对就业与工资差距的影响——基于行业面板数据的分析

The Impact of Trade Development on the Employment of Skilled and Non-skilled Laborers and Their Wage Gap——An Analysis Based on Industry Panel Data

笔者利用我国行业面板数据,检验了贸易发展与我国就业结构与工资之间的关系。结果显示现有出口非熟练劳动力密集型商品,进口熟练劳动力和资本密集型商品的贸易模式对我国熟练劳动力非常不利,出口和进口的增加不仅会减少熟练劳动力成本所占的比重而且会缩减就业中熟练劳动力的比重。因此为实现贸易对经济的长期拉动作用,我国应该尽快调整进出口结构,增加出口产品技术含量。

Using the industry panel data, the authors test the relationship between trade development and employment structure and wage gap in our country. The results show that the existing trade patterns of exporting unskilled - labor - intensive goods and importing skilled - labor - and - capital - intensive goods is disadvantageous to the skilled labor force of our country. The increase in exports and imports will not only reduce the proportion of skilled labor costs but also reduce the proportion of skilled labor in employment. Therefore to achieve the long - term promotion of trade to the development of economy, our country should adjust the import and export structure as soon as possible and increase the technology content of export products.