贵州巨木地下河流域石漠化地学治理实验及其意义

Experiment and significance of rocky desertification harness in geological methods in Jumu Underground River,Guizhou

贵州巨木地下河岩溶流域石漠化治理工程是一项从地学的角度探索石漠化治理的实验,实验以改善石漠化区岩溶地质环境为目标,以地下河的开发利用、农作物生长过程中矿物元素补偿等为手段,解决了实验区人畜饮水安全和农田灌溉缺水问题,提高了农作物产量和农产品品质,使地区经济得到了明显发展,有效地控制了不合理的人为工程活动的发生。遥感监测成果对比表明,经过治理实验区内的石漠化面积明显减少、石漠化程度显著降低。由此认为改善地质环境是石漠化治理的有效途径之一,值得提倡与推广。然而,由于西南岩溶石山区岩溶系统复杂、小型多样,不同的岩溶系统差别较大。因此,只有在查清岩溶流域系统具体的地质条件的基础上,合理制定综合治理方案,进行石漠化地学治理才能更有效。

The rocky desertification harness in Jumu Underground River is an experiment in light of geo-science.The goal of the experiment is to improve the karst geologic environment in rocky desert.By means of underground river exploration and mineral element fertilizer applying compensation during the growth season of crops,security of drinking water for people and livestock as well as irrigation is resolved;output and quality of crops is increased;local economy developed significantly and the unreasonable human engineering is controlled effectively. Remote sensing monitoring results show that the area of rocky desert has decreased obviously and that the extent of desertification has reduced remarkably after the experiment,which proves that to improve geologic eco-environment is one of the efficient paths to harness rocky desertification and worthwile to promote and popularize.However,the karst system in southwest China is very complicated and varied with comparatively great difference among different karst systems,therefore more effective harness should base on synthetic harnessing program according to practical geologic conditions.