农民工群体生活状态与态度研究——基于重庆的调查分析

Research into Group Living Status and Attitude of Migrant Workers——Survey and Analysis Based on Chongqing

根据对重庆市的抽样调查,较低的收入和消费、较少的社会资源、相对封闭的人际交往,是目前大多数进城农民工的生存状况;"贫富差距大、社会存在诸多不公平"是农民工较为一致的对社会公平的评价;提高经济收入、希望家庭和睦是农民工最迫切的需求;"明天会比今天更好"是绝大多数农民工对未来的预期。农民工因职业分化而形成不同的利益群体,利益分化进一步导致社会意识多样化;大多数农民工尚未真正融入城市主流社会。应加快"稳定就业和稳定居住基础上的人口城镇化"进程,推动农民工融入城市;通过制度创新保障社会阶层边界的开放性,加快各阶层流动,进而缓解阶层冲突。

According to sampling survey based on Chongqing, the living status of the majority of current migrant workers is lower income and consumption, smaller social resources and relatively closed interpersonal contact. Relatively consistent opinions on the society from the migrant workers are big income gap between the poor and the rich and a lot of unfairness existing in the society, as a result, raising the economic income and hoping their family harmony are the urgent demand of the migrant workers, and that tomorrow is better than today is the expectation of the majority of the migrant workers. Different interest groups of the migrant workers emanating from division of labor are further diversified in social consciousness because of different incomes, and the majority of the migrant workers have not really integrated into urban life. Chongqing should accelerate the process of population urbanization based on stabilizing employment and stabilizing settlement, promote the integration of the migrant workers into the cities, use institutionalized reform to guarantee the openness of social hierarchy boundary and accelerate the flowing of different hierarchies to mitigate the conflict of different hierarchies.