闭合性颅脑损伤脑内白蛋白的免疫组化研究

Intracerebral Distribution of Albumin after Closed Brain Traumas

应用免疫组化ＡＢＣ法对脑损伤后脑内各个部位组织中白蛋白的分布进行系统研究。结果发现白蛋白不仅出现于脑挫伤出血局部，在挫伤区邻近及远离挫伤部位的非损伤区域（包括丘脑、中脑、桥脑、延脑等部位）的部分神经细胞、神经纤维、星形胶质细胞及软化灶内格子细胞亦有白蛋白出现。在远离挫伤部位的非出血区还可见小灶性阳性染色，边界不规则，个别案例见阳性反应区呈条带状分布；部分血管内皮细胞、红细胞膜及血管周围腔隙染呈棕色。作者认为白蛋白的免疫组化染色可作为脑损伤（包括脑干损伤）的早期标志之一，尤其对于出血不明显的脑损伤的诊断具有重要价值。

Twenty cases of closed brain traumas were investigated immunohistochemically to detect intracerebral distribution of albumin. The brain contusions′ areas were heavily stained in all cases, even in those of only 15 minutes′ survival. Some neurons, nerve fibers, astrocytes and gitter cells of the softening area both nearby the contusion areas and far from the contusion areas, including thalamus, midbrain, pons and medulla, were also heavily stained in all cases. The marked immunoreactivity to albumin also took place in extravascular spaces, endothelial cells and membrane of red blood cells. The results suggested that immunohistochemical staining of albumin should be a sign of early brain trauma, includsive of brainstem trauma. It is especially useful in the identification of brain traumas without bleeding.