在唾液中检测幽门螺杆菌的意义

The significance of detection of Helicobacter pylori in saliva

目的探讨一种有效的非侵入性幽门螺杆菌（Ｈｐ）诊断方法。方法１３８／１５９例各类型胃、十二指肠疾病患者的唾液和胃黏膜，用空泡毒素基因（ｖａｃＡ）为模板设计的引物行聚合酶链反应（ＰＣＲ），其产物行单链构象多态性分析（ＳＳＣＰ）和Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎ杂交。结果胃和唾液Ｈｐ的检出率分别是１００％和７１．７％；Ｈｐ的ｖａｃＡ有ｖａｃＡ１和ｖａｃＡ２两种亚型。ｖａｃＡ１可表达ＶａｃＡ蛋白，ｖａｃＡ２不表达ＶａｃＡ蛋白。ＰＣＲＳＳＣＰ分析显示９８％口腔与胃内Ｈｐ呈现相同的单链构象。结论本研究以ＰＣＲＳＳＣＰ法表明口腔感染可能是Ｈｐ的一种主要传播途径，ＰＣＲＳＳＣＰ法可提供一种非侵入性的Ｈｐ检测法，适用于Ｈｐ的家族聚集性调查。

Objective To explore noninvasive and effective method to detect Helicobacter pylori (Hp) in saliva. Methods DNAs of saliva and gastric mucosa from 138 and 159 patients of various gastro duodenal diseases were detected with PCR by use of primers amplifing vacA gene. The products were futher processed for SSCP and Southern blot hybridization. Results The rate of detection of Hp in saliva and gastric mucosa was 71.7% and 100% respectively. vacA 1 and vacA 2, being the two subtypes of vacA, were recognized in Hp . PCR/SSCP analysis showed a 98% identity of the strains of Hp in the saliva and gastric mucosa. Conclusion Hp could be colonized in saliva and probably transmited orally. The new method may provide noninvasive approach for detection of Hp and could be used in the investigation of family aggregation of Hp infection.