普通话韵律结构对声韵母时长影响的分析

Analysis of Duration of Mandarin Prosodic Structures

该研究基于大规模语音数据库,通过建立普通话连续语流中的声韵母时长预测模型,考察声韵母时长的影响因素,探讨普通话声韵母在连续语流中的时长变化类型与话语韵律结构之间的关系。初步研究结果表明:话语的韵律结构对声母时长的影响较小,而对韵母时长的影响较为显著,这种影响主要体现为:韵律单元末音节的韵母时长是否发生显著延长与话语的韵律结构密切相关,韵律大短语和语调短语末尾的音节通常会发生显著的韵母延长,韵律词内以及韵律词末尾的音节通常不会发生韵母延长;韵律小短语末尾的音节在韵母时长方面的表现比较混乱,规律性不明显,可能需要进一步做分化处理。

Based on large-scale phonetic database,this paper establishes a predictive model to investigate the factors that affect the duration changes of rhymes and the relationship between the variation type and the prosodic structure in continuous speech.Preliminary results demonstrate that the prosodic structures have little effect on the durational changes of initials,while they trigger significant change in the duration of rhymes.Specifically,this effect can be summarized as that 1） the lengthening of the rhyme at the final syllable has close relationship with the prosodic structures,i.e.,rhyme duration would be lengthened at the major prosodic phrase boundary and intonational phrase boundary while the duration would not be lengthened within the prosodic word or at the boundary of prosodic word;2） there is no consistent manifestation of the rhyme duration at the boundary of minor prosodic phrase,which may deservefurther research in the future.