脑梗死患者心理护理对策

PSYCHOLOGICAL NURSING STRATEGY FOR PATIENTS WITH CEREBRAL INFARCTION

目的探讨脑梗死患者的心理问题,为采取积极的心理护理提供依据。方法将180例脑梗死患者按年龄分为青年组和老年组,用《心理健康咨询表》调查其心理问题并进行比较;针对不同的心理问题,用心理支持、心理疏导和积极倾听相柔和的方法 ,对患者进行心理护理。结果脑梗死患者最常见的心理反应有求知(180例)、焦虑(160例)、恐惧(112例)、抑郁(40例)、悲观失望(106例)、依赖(76例)等。青年组患者在"悲观"方面高于老年组(P<0.01),而老年组在"恐惧"、"抑郁"及"依赖"方面高于青年组(P<0.05或0.01)。两组在"焦虑"、"求知欲"方面无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论不同年龄患者存在不同的心理状态,应针对不同心理状态实施心理护理来降低并发症、后遗症,提高生活质量。

Objective To study the psychological problems of patients with cerebral infarction so as to provide basis for positive psychological care.Methods 180 patients with cerebral infarction were divided into the youth group and the aged group.The ＂mental health counseling table＂ was used to investigate and compare the mental problems in both groups.Psychological support,psychological counseling and active listening strategies were used to provide psychological care of patients with different psychological problems.Results The most common psychological reactions were curiosity（180 cases）,anxiety （160 patients）,fear （112 cases）,depression （40 cases）,despair （106 cases） and dependence （76 cases）.There were more young patients were in the pessimistic state than senile patients（P0.01）,while there were more senile patients in the states of fear,depression and dependency than young patients（P 0.05 or 0.01）.There existed no statistical significance in terms of anxiety or curiosity（P0.05）.Conclusion The patients of different ages show different mental states,and different psychological care strategies should be used to reduce complications,sequelae and to improve the quality of life.