试论阿奎那公平价格学说的理论基础和基本维度及其现时代意义

On the Theoretical Foundation and Fundamental Dimensions of Aquina's Doctrine of Iustum Pretium and Its Contemporary Significances

托马斯.阿奎那的公平价格学说是中世纪经济思想史中一项具有重要意义的内容,结合文本具体深入地研究他的这一学说无论对于我们重新认识中世纪经济思想史,还是更好地开展今天的经济学研究都有重要意义。本文首先从阿奎那的"正义论"入手,比较深入地探讨阿奎那公平价格学说的理论基础;进而紧密结合文本从阿奎那价格学说的理论维度和实践维度依次对阿奎那的"同等性原则"、"效用价值论"和"成本价值论"以及在"拒恶"中"行善"、在消除"不正义"和"不公平"现象中实现"正义"和"公平"的"辩证的实践观"进行比较全面、系统和深入的探讨和阐述;最后,对阿奎那的这一学说的历史启示和现时代意义作出扼要的说明。

Thomas Aquina＇s doctrine of iustum pretium is an important element in the history of Western Medieval economic thought. It has great significances both for re-understanding the history of Western Medieval economic thought and for advancing today＇s researches of economies. In this paper, we will first inquire into the theoretical foundation of Aquina＇s doctrine of iustum pretium in the respective of his theory of justice. Then we will examine the theoretical dimension and practical dimension of this doctrine respectively, namely, to inquire into and explain Aquina＇ s equality principles, the theory of availability value, the theory of cost value, and the dialectical view of practice, which maintains to do good by avoiding evil, to realize the justice and the just by removing the injustice and the unjust. At the end, we will make a brief explanation of the historic revelations and the contemporary significances of the doctrine .