浙江杉木优良家系区域试验研究

Regional test for superior family of Chinese fir in Zhejiang province

对杉木优良家系全国区域试验浙江试验点5年生2个地点、9年生1个地点试验林的生长量、木材密度和23年的生长量进行了分析。结果表明:9年生时来自全国14个种子园112个优良家系(每个种子园选8个家系参试)的生长性状在不同种子园间和家系间均存在极显著的差异;木材密度性状仅在家系间存在差异。生长性状间表型相关极其密切,遗传相关系数为0.746～0.985。生长性状与木材密度为不密切的负相关关系,趋向于呈相对独立遗传。对23年生试验林的生长量调查分析表明,来自不同种子园的家系在种子园来源和种子园内的家系间仍然普遍存在显著的遗传差异。以种子园平均表现为据,来自湖南、福建、贵州3省的种子园及其家系总体表现持续位列前茅;以不同家系为据,在参试的112个家系中选出黔锦屏61、闽建53、湘大堡子30等22个最优良家系,其材积实际增益为135.5%～344.1%,木材密度大于总体平均值0～18.7%。实验林第5和第9年生时评选出的优良家系到第23年生时的准确率分别为31.8%和40.9%。结果同时还揭示,地点间、种子园×地点间存在显著互作效应,表明在浙江试验点,立地等环境条件对杉木生长也有重要影响。

We analyzed the growth and wood density of superior family of Chinese fir （Cunninghamia lanceolata （Lamb.） Hook.） at 5-year-old and 9-year-old in Zhejiang by nation-wide regional test. The results showed that the growth traits were significantly different among different seed orchard and different family at 9-year-old for 112 superior families from 14 seed orchard, while wood density was merely different among the different families. Genetic correlation coefficient of growth traits was high （0.746—0.985）. But growth and wood density were weakly negatively correlated. We also have found there is significant genetic difference among different seed orchard, and among different families in same seed orchard by analyzing the growth of 23-year-old Chinese fir forest. The seed orchards and families from Hunan, Fujian and Guizhou provinces generally perform better than trees from the other provinces. Considering family difference, we selected 22 superior families from 122 families, such as Qianjinpin 61, Minjian 53, Xiangdabaozi 30 and so on, which had practical gains of volume at 135.5 %—344.1 %, with higher wood density than average 0.0 %—18.7 %.The accuracy of superior family of Chinese fir at 23-year-old selected from 5-year-old and 9-year-old was 31.8 % and 40.9 % respectively. The results also indicated that there were significant interaction effects in different sits and between seed orchards and sites, which suggested environment factors such as site condition would have a great effect on seedling growth of Chinese fir in this test.