“通三统”:中国古代文学史研究的“历史观念”批判

Understanding the Three Traditions: The Historical Conception Critique in the Study of Ancient Literary History

古代文学史作为现代史学之一部,借鉴现代历史观理解和阐释文学,取得了很大成就。新时期以来,古代文学多方反思自身的学科特点,与历史有意拉开距离,强调重视文学本身特性的研究。这固然很有必要,但也带来了以下问题:一方面,古代文学研究依然承袭着现代历史观;另一方面,没有反思和修补与传统史学的断裂,也没有充分注意和同步跟上史学研究本身的新观念、新实践。古代文学研究的"历史观念"面临着传统、现代与后现代等方面的丰富资源,需要各有扬弃,彼此融合,以新的历史观推进学科发展。

The study of ancient literature is regarded as one part of the modern historiography.Great achievements have been made in understanding and explaining literature on the basis of ＂history＂using references of historiographical theories and conceptions.Since the new era,ancient literature has been reviewed from different perspectives about the specialties of itself,differentiating itself from history,emphasizing on the study of characteristics of literature itself.This is quite necessary,but it leads to some issues as well.On the one hand,the ancient literature study so far inherits from modern historiography;on the other hand,there is no introspection or amendment on the gap between modern and ancient historiography,nor is there enough attention or concurrent development with the new views and practices in historical studies.The＂conception of history＂in the study of ancient literature has come across profound resources in either traditional,modern or post-modern methods.All these methods need to be mastered comprehensively by developing or discarding with each other so that this scientific field could be driven forward through this new conception of history.