轻质夹层材料的制备和振动声学性能

ADVANCES IN LIGHTWEIGHT SANDWICH MATERIALS AND STURCTURES:MANUFACTURE AND VIBROACOUSTIC PERFORMANCES

轻质夹层材料被广泛地用来制备动车组车体和飞机的机身,其结构设计面临着一系列挑战:即同时要求质量轻、力学强度高、散热性能好、动力学性能和隔声性能可调等多功能特性.针对动车组高速运行和飞机飞行过程中经常面临的振动及噪声问题,以及如何在现有的材料和结构基础上进一步减轻重量并获得更优良的综合性能是材料制备、固体力学、流体力学、声学、智能材料和结构、优化设计等诸多领域工作者面临的共同挑战.结合近年来围绕"超轻多孔结构创新构型的多功能化基础研究"国家基础研究计划项目所开展的一系列工作,综述了有关轻质三明治材料及结构振动和声学特性的国内外研究进展及现状,以及相应的主被动控制技术;针对目前存在的问题,讨论并展望了有关轻质材料和结构动力学性能及隔声性能的研究发展趋势.

With the rapid economic development of China,the express train and large aircraft programs have generated huge social and economic benefits.The optimal design of these high speed transportation vechicles in the pursuit of lightweight and multi-functional properties（e.g.,stiffness,strength,heat dissipation,vibration and noise control）has become a challenging problem,which needs concerted efforts of researchers in various fields,including solid/fluid mechanics,acoustics,mechanical engineering,materials science and engineering and applied mathematics.Based on our own studies,this article presents a comprehensive review on the fabrication of various lightweight sandwich materials/structures as well as the vibroacoustic characteristics of lightweight sandwich materials/structures and corresponding active/passive control techniques.Future research directions regarding the vibroacoustic performances of lightweight sandwich materials/structures are also discussed.