大学生人格障碍问卷编制及理论探索

Design of Personality Disorder Questionnaire for Undergraduates and the Construction of Theory Model

目的探索人格障碍的理论结构并建构影响因子模型,为开展大学生心理咨询治疗工作提供依据。方法依据DSM-IV、ICD-10、CCMD-3临床障碍诊断标准编制大学生人格障碍问卷,对10所不同类型高校分层整群抽取的2 645名大学生和另外116名住院精神障碍患者进行测试,同时施测MMPI、CPI、青少年生活事件量表、应对效能问卷等多种测验。结果自编大学生人格障碍问卷有良好的信、效度。克伦巴赫α系数为0.93,分半信度0.80,各分量表重测信度平均0.70。与MMPI、CPI等多种心理测量的相关证实该问卷有良好的聚合与区分效度,住院精神障碍患者与大学生组的对照研究表明自编问卷有很好的区分能力,验证性因素分析证实大学生人格障碍的单因素模型拟合最好,进一步的理论探索建构了人格障碍的影响因子模型。结论大学生人格障碍问卷适用于大学生人格障碍的筛查与评估。人格障碍的单因素模型拟合最好。

Objective To explore the influencing factor models of the personality disorder,and to provide evidence for psychological counseling.Methods The Personality Disorder Questionnaire（PDQ-U） was developed to assess the personality disorder level of the graduates,according to DSM-IV,ICD-10 and CCMD-3.Totally 2 645 college students were stratified sampled from 10 different universities,and compared with 116 patients with mental disorder in hospital.Some important tests were applied to the subjects,such as MMPI,CPI,BDI,STAI and so on.Results The Cronbach Alpha was 0.93,the split reliability was 0.80,the mean test-retest reliability of subscales was 0.70.The correlations with MMPI,CPI and others tests indicated the PDQ-U had good converge validity and discriminate validity.The results of confirmatory factor analysis proved that the single-factor model of personality disorder was the best.The patients with mental disorder in hospital,as the comparison group,were compared with the college students.The results indicated that PDQ-U had excellent discriminate ability.Conclusion The reliability and validity of the PDQ-U are good.The single-factor model of personality disorder is optimal.