留守生活对小学生社会支持的影响分析

Impacts of Left-behind Life on Social Support Among Primary School Children

目的探索小学留守儿童生活现状及对其社会支持特点,为制定相应的教育和心理辅导策略提供依据。方法采用修订社会支持评定量表(SSRS)和自编小学留守儿童生活状况调查表,对206名小学留守儿童进行调查。结果小学留守儿童的各项社会支持(SSRS)得分在与父母联系频率、与邻里成人关系、同伴关系、家庭教育方式各方面体现出了一定的显著差异。(1)行动化支持显著地影响小学留守儿童SSRS得分;(2)与父母联系频率对小学留守儿童的社会支持影响最全面且力度最大,与成人、同伴关系不同层面、不同程度地影响小学留守儿童SSRS得分;(3)严格和基本不管两种极端家庭教育方式提高小学留守儿童的社会支持感受水平。结论留守生活对小学生的社会支持及生活质量存在影响。应对小学留守儿童加以行动指导和支持。

Objective To explore the characteristic of social support of pupils＇ left-behind experience,and to provide evidence for making education and psychological intervention.Methods A total of 206 left-behind children were assessed by revised social support scale（SSRS） and a self-designed questionnaire on left-behind pupils.Results SSRS score of left-behind children in primary school had significant difference on frequency contacting with parents,relationship with adults,relationship with companions and styles of family education.Enacted support has impacts on SSRS score of left-behind children significantly;Frequency contacting with parents influence on the level of family social support widely,while relationship with adults and companions had some influence on.Strict and no interfered styles of family education raised the level of social support of primary school＇s left-behind children.Conclusion Left-behind experience do harm to pupils＇ social supports and quality of life.The left-behind children should be given to the practice guidance and support.