济南市托幼机构5起手足口病暴发疫情分析

Epidem iological Investigation of 5 Outbreaks of Hand-foot-mouth Disease (HFMD) at the Nurseries or Kindergartens of Jinan

目的探讨济南市托幼机构手足口病暴发疫情的流行病学和病原学特征,为控制疫情提供科学依据。方法应用描述流行病学方法,对济南市5起托幼机构手足口病暴发疫情进行分析。结果济南市2009年3-5月共发生5起托幼机构手足口病暴发疫情,发病87人,平均罹患率为5.42%。发病以3～4岁儿童为主,占发病总数的78.16%。病例多为轻型。疫情平均持续13 d。采集25份患儿的粪便、咽拭子标本(21份粪便、4份咽拭子)检测,其中5份为肠道病毒71型(EV71)阳性,阳性率为20.00%;3份柯萨奇病毒A16(CoxA16)阳性,阳性率为12.00%;7份为其他肠道病毒阳性,阳性率为28.00%。结论加强手足口病监测,及早识别首例病人并进行隔离治疗,采取综合性防治措施,是控制疫情的关键。

Objective To find out the epidemiological and etiology characteristics of the hand-foot-mouth disease（HFMD） outbreaks at the nurseries or kindergarten of Jinan.Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were adopted to analyze the five outbreaks of hand-foot-mouth disease（HFMD） at the nursery and kindergarten of Jinan.Results There were five outbreaks of hand-foot-mouth disease（HFMD） at the nursery and kindergarten of Jinan,from March to May,2009.The average prevalence rate of HFMD was 5.42%,87cases.Main age distribution was 3-4 years old,accounting for 78.16% of the total cases.The mean duration was 13 days.Most cases were light-duty.Twenty-one stool specimens and four throat swabs specimens were collected from 25 patients with HFMD during the epidemic season.EV71 were identified in isolates from 5 patients（20.00%）,CoxA16 were identified in isolates from 3 patients（12.00%） and other enterovirus were identified from 7 patients（28.00%）.Conclusion The HFMD surveillance should be strengthened to find out the first patient,then isolated for treatment.A comprehensive precaution is the key for outbreak control.