红富士苹果树冠不同部位果实品质评价

Quality of Fuji Apples on Different Crown Position

为了对威宁红富士老果园树形改造提供参考,测定了威宁红富士植株树冠8个不同部位果实的外观品质和内在品质指标,并选取5个品质指标进行灰色关联度分析,对不同部位果实品质进行了综合评价。结果表明,树冠中上部果实综合品质优于中下部,其中,树冠北边和南边中上部果实综合品质最好,但中下部果实综合品质最差;东边和西边中上部和中下部果实品质差异较小。建议,威宁县红富士老果园树形改造可通过提干、落头、缩冠等技术调整优化树体结构,以改善树体光照条件,尤其是改善树冠中下部光照条件,降低树体低光效利用区比例,从而提高树体光能利用率和优质果率。

The external and internal quality indexes of apples on eight different positions of the crown were determined and five quality indexes were analyzed by gray correlation degree to comprehensively evaluate their fruit quality for providing reference to transform the shape of apple trees in old orchards.The results showed that the quality of apples on the middle and upper position of the crown was better than that on the lower position of the crown,the quality of apples on the middle and upper position of the crown towards north and south was the best,but the quality of apples on the lower position of the crown was the worst,and there was a little difference in quality of apples between the middle and upper position and the lower position towards east and west.The shape of apple trees in old orchards should be transformed by relative pruning technique to adjust and optimize the tree structure,improve light condition of trees,especially the lower position of the crown,and reduce the proportion of lower light utilization area of trees for raising light energy utilization rate of trees and high quality fruit rate.