学龄前儿童家长口腔卫生知识、行为及态度调查分析

Survey on the oral health knowledge,behavior and attitudes among parents of preschool children

目的:了解学龄前儿童家长对口腔卫生知识认知水平、行为及态度,为针对性地开展儿童口腔卫生健康教育工作提供依据。方法:采用整群抽样的方法,在某市区抽取9所幼儿园大、中班共1120名学龄前儿童家长进行口腔卫生知识、行为及态度的问卷调查。结果:学龄前儿童家长在儿童口腔卫生知识方面,总知晓率为69.08%,但对"每次刷牙不少于3min"、"刷牙部位为内外咬合面"、"应选择含氟牙膏"等相关知识知晓率较低(分别为42.95%、46.96%、31.34%);在儿童口腔保健行为方面,"儿童剔牙选择牙线"的正确率为22.59%,儿童"睡觉前不吃零食"的正确率为79.20%和儿童"不应经常喝碳酸饮料"的正确率为72.32%;在儿童口腔保健态度方面,学龄前儿童家长具有积极的态度,但对于"是否需要给儿童添加特殊食品增进牙齿健康"方面,家长的意识相对较低,正确率为49.82%。结论:学龄前儿童家长的口腔卫生知识相对不足,学龄前儿童家长对儿童口腔保健的行为与态度还有待提高,应该针对性加强宣传与教育。

Objective：To conduct a survey among the parents of preschool children on the knowledge,behavior and attitudes towards oral health for providing the evidence with oral hygiene education on children basis.Methods：By cluster sampling method,1 120 parents of 4-to 6-year-old preschool children from 9 kindergartens underwent the questionnaire response with regard to the oral health care knowledge,behavior and attitudes.Results：Totally,69.08% of the parents surveyed had the knowledge on oral health care,but appeared poor in awareness of ＂tooth brushing should exceed 3min each time（42.95%）,necessity of brushing both occlusal surfaces of the teeth（46.96%） and recommendation of fluoride-containing toothpaste（31.34%）＂. On the oral health care behavior in children,only 22.59% of the parents reported using dental floss to clean the teeth,79.20% were aware of the inadvisability to have snacks before bed time and 72.32% said that carbonated beverage drink were unfavorable to children. Parents of the preschool children in general had positive attitudes towards oral health care,and yet,the respondents seemed inferior in understanding the importance of improving the dental health by intake of some complemented food,mere 49.82% responded correctly.Conclusion：The parents of the preschool children appear relatively poor in knowledge of oral health hygiene and are urged to spread the knowledge among them for changing their attitudes towards oral health care.