西方伦理学中的民生伦理思想

A Critical Review of Western Ethical Thoughts on Human Livelihood

"民生伦理"蕴含于民生的伦理品性和伦理的民生倾向。古希腊罗马时期思想家们就融民生与伦理于一体,提出了德性的目的在于幸福生活等观点;近代西方伦理在论证如何将个人利益与社会利益协调起来时,更加凸显了对民生问题的伦理反思;当代西方则把民生问题作为伦理道德的中心视界,对福利与民生、关怀与民生、生态与民生、幸福与民生等问题进行了深入而广泛的思考。批判性地审视西方伦理学中的民生伦理思想对我们加快推进以改善民生为重点的社会建设具有重要的借鉴意义。

Ethics on human livelihood has been gestated in the ethical character and inclination for bettering people s living conditions.Ancient Greek and Roman thinkers integrated ethics into moral considerations about people s livelihood and came up with views of virtue leading to a happy life.Modern ethics tried to reason and demonstrate how to coordinate individual and public interests,which further highlighted ethical considerations of people s livelihood.Contemporary western ethics has now the issue of people s livelihood at its core,embarking on extensive and profound discussions on welfare,humanistic concern,ecology and happy life.Therefore,a critical review of western ethical thoughts on human livelihood could offer important implications for speeding up our social construction with an emphasis on improving our people s livelihood.