仲景方中“石膏如鸡子大”的折算研究

The Conversion Study of "Gypsum is equal to JiZi" in ZHANG Zhong-jing's Herbal Formulae

采用文献考证结合实物测量的方法,对仲景方中实物类比计量药物"石膏如鸡子大"进行了折算研究。首先对鸡蛋的品种进行了考证,选用河南固始鸡蛋实测"鸡子大"的体积;其次对石膏的品种、产地进行考证,选用山东石膏实测其密度;最后用"鸡子大"的体积与石膏的密度乘积得出"鸡子大"的石膏的重量。并以大青龙汤为例对"石膏如鸡子大"的重量的合理性进行了讨论,方中"石膏如鸡子大"的重量应与麻黄六两接近,两者比例应为1:1,因此笔者认为"石膏如鸡子大"的重量厘定为90g为宜。

Based on literature reviewing and measurement making of cypsum fibrosum,this article focus on discussing the converted weight of this medicine in Sage ZHANG Zhong-jiang＇s Herbal Formulae,which was described as ＂the cypsum fibrosum looks as large as an egg＂.Considering the egg and cypsum fibrosum,a textual research is firstly made on both category and producing area,thus the volume of egg form Henan Province,the density of cypsum fibrosum form Shandong Province were finally chosen to be measure.Therefore,the weight of ＂the cypsum fibrosum looks as large as an egg＂ could be deduced by multiplying the above volume and density.As to Daqinglong Decoction,a reasonable conclusion could be inferred by the author： with 1/1 proportion,the weight of cypsum fibrosum is similar to Ephedra herbas as 6 Liang,which could be convert into 90 Gram in the modern sense.