揭示战争中人性的象征意蕴与抒情风貌——以当代战争小说为例

Investigating the Symbolic Meanings of Humanity and Lyrical Style in Contemporary War Novels——With contemporary war novels for Example

当代战争小说主要通过三种模式揭示战争中人性的象征意蕴,即:氛围象征、寓言象征与类比性象征。在氛围象征中,作家们常以特定的自然环境的变化契合人物的心理感应,象征人物命运,或以自然环境的变化烘托人物精神,表现时代风貌,营造象征氛围,使其与作品的总意蕴相勾连,成为作家表现战争中人性的有机组成部分;在寓言象征中,作家们常以一个假托的或者看似怪诞的外部故事直指哲理内涵,并使这一哲理内涵构成作品的主旨且具有象征意蕴;在类比性象征中,作家们常以象征体与象征意义之间具有类比性的联想关系,隐喻或象征某种精神意蕴。抒情风貌是伴随着小说诗化而同时出现的艺术特征,作者通过诗意的抒发传达出人的心灵美、道德美、理想美与情感美,在淡雅的诗情画意中流溢出美的情愫、美的意境,呈现出一种虽单纯却充满着诗情美的抒情风貌,为战争诗化小说营建了别样的风情。

Three modes are applied to reveal the symbolic meanings of humanity in contemporary war novels, namely, atmospheric symbols, allegorical symbols and analogical symbols. As for atmospheric symbols, the writers often fit a particular change in the natural environment to illustrate the psychological senses of characters so as to signify the characters＇ fate, or use such changes to contrast the characters＇ spirit, as well as to depict the social facts. The above features, together with gist are closely associated, and form an integral part of human nature in wars described in the novels. In allegorical symbols, the writers often utilize another object or a weird story to elicit the philosophical contents and also constitute the philosophical contents as the core idea. Certain spiritual connotations are delivered in the way of metaphors or analogies by writers through the analogical association between its subject and extensive meanings. Emotion expression is kind of art feature which emerges in accordance with the transformation from novels to poetry. The virtues in human mind, morality, ideal and emotion are conveyed in poetic expression. The description of beauty penetrated in the emotion expression illustrates a picture which is simple but full of poetic beauty, which creates a totally different feeling for poetic novels of war.