规制流量收入是阻止贫富差距扩大的关卡——基于准确界定物权基本性质的法学分析

Controlling Flow Income Is the Way of Decreasing the Gap between the Rich and the Poor——The Law Analysis Based on the Definition of the Nature of Property Rights

关于物权的绝对性或相对性的争议,妨碍当前扭转贫富差距悬殊的收入分配改革。将物权按状态结构分解为静态物权和动态物权,前者是绝对性物权,后者是相对性物权,两者既对立又统一。其对立统一的法理辨析,是在收入分配改革中认识和处理存量财富与流量收入关系的钥匙。已明确归属权的存量财富是一种绝对支配权,扩大贫富差距的根源是物权动态行使中的流量收入,改革的重点对象是依法规制影响流量收入的权力配置,特别是防止一些不公平收入由少数人占有而让其他人承担成本。为此,以民主政治的力量构建规制收入分配格局的法律制度,尤其应加强社会立法。

The controversy of static or dynamic of property rights prevents current income distribution reformation that decreases the gap between the rich and the poor. Property rights can be decomposed to static and dynamic property rights. The former is absolute property right, and the later is dynamic property rights. They are both opposite and united. The legal principle of opposite and unity is the key point of understanding the wealth stock and flow income. The clearly attributed wealth stock is a control power. The source of expanding rich and poor is flow income in the movement of property rights. The key point of reformation is controlling the power that affects the flow income, and partic- ularly prevent some unfair of letting a few people have income and other people share cost. As a result, building the law of controlling income distribution by using democratic power should strengthen the social legislation.