汽车刮水器摩擦引起的噪声特性试验分析

Experimental Investigation into Friction Induced Noise of Automotive Wiper System

针对不同速度档位和玻璃干湿状态组合工况下刮水器工作时由于摩擦作用引起的刮臂振动、挡风玻璃振动和车内噪声,进行了试验测试.采用时间域、频率域与时频域分析方法,分析噪声的时频特性、影响因素与噪声来源.研究表明,刮水器摩擦噪声可分为换向噪声与刮刷噪声两大类;换向噪声为瞬态冲击噪声,刮刷噪声为宽带并夹杂谐波成分的复杂噪声;换向噪声与刮刷噪声特性受到挡风玻璃干、湿与雨水状态的影响很大,而受速度档位的影响较小;刮刷噪声主要与刮臂侧向振动和法向振动有关,但雨水与半干条件下的刮刷噪声分别来源于驾驶员与副驾驶员侧的刮臂振动.

A test was conducted to examine the vehicle interior noise,windscreen vibration and wiper blade vibration induced by wiper friction,under combination conditions with various wiping speed and windscreen wetness.The time-frequency noise characteristics,influence factors and noise source were approached by means of time domain,frequency domain and time-frequency domain analysis.The results indicate that wiper noise can be classified into reversal noise and wiping noise.The reversal noise is characterized by impulsive noise,and wiping noise is featured by wide-band noise with harmonic signals.The nature of both types of noises is strongly affected by the degree of windshield glass wetness,while it is far less affected by the wiping speed.The wiping noise is mainly resulted from lateral and vertical vibration of wiper blades.However,the wiping noise under rain and half-dry conditions is respectively caused by the vibration of driver side and co-driver side wiper blade.