种养结合循环利用模式下不同养殖场土壤常微量元素含量分析

Study on the major element and trace element in the soil of different farms under the mode of combination of planting and breeding and recycling

【目的】通过对集约化奶牛、猪和鸭养殖场所属农田土壤常微量元素全量分析,为种养结合循环利用模式的推广应用和生态效益评估,以及农田管理等提供依据.【方法】对风干过筛土样进行HCL-HF-HNO3-HCLO4混酸消解处理后,用ICP-OES测定土壤常微量元素全量,采用SPSS13.0对数据进行方差分析和LSD多重比较.【结果】奶牛场土壤Ca含量高于猪场(P<0.05).猪场土壤Mg含量低于对照组(P<0.01);鸭场土壤Mg含量高于猪场(P<0.05);奶牛场土壤Mg含量高于鸭场(P<0.05),高于猪场(P<0.01).猪场土壤Mn含量高于对照组和奶牛场(P<0.05).鸭场土壤Mo含量高于对照组,猪场以及奶牛场(P<0.01).奶牛场土壤Na含量高于鸭场(P<0.05)和猪场(P<0.01).其余的不同组土壤常微量元素含量之间的比较,差异均为不显著.对照组土壤Ca含量与Mg,Mn,Na含量间具有显著的正相关(P<0.05);Mg含量与Mo,Na含量间分别具有极显著的负相关和正相关(P<0.01);Na含量与Mo含量之间具有极显著的负相关(P<0.01).鸭场土壤Ca含量与Mn含量具有显著的正相关(P<0.05);Mg含量与Mo含量具有极显著的正相关(P<0.01).猪场土壤中只有Ca与Mg含量之间具有显著的正相关(P<0.05).奶牛场土壤中Ca与Mn和Mo含量之间具有极显著的正相关(P<0.01);Mn与Mo含量之间具有显著的正相关(P<0.05).【结论】不同畜种养殖场土壤常微量元素含量高于对照组(P<0.05)或(P<0.01),与试验组施用沼液和发酵堆肥有关;实施种养结合循环利用模式能够消除元素之间的拮抗作用,有利于作物生长;奶牛场土壤的Mn与Mo元素含量之间出现了显著的正相关(P<0.05),对作物生长有益,为土壤管理提供参考.

Objective： This study provides the basis for the application of the mode of combination of planting and breeding and recycling, ecological efficiency evaluation and farmland management through the element analysis for the full contents of trace element and major element in the soil of these areas. Method： The dry and sifted soil is digested by HCL-HF-HCLO4-HNO3 called mixed acid digestion. Then ICP-OES is used to measure the full content of trace element and major element in the treated soil sample. All the data is analyzed by SPSSI3.0 using variance analysis and LSD multiple comparison. Result： The content of Ca in the dairy farm is higher than that of pig farm （P 〈 0.05）; the content of Mg in the pig farm is lower than that of control group （P 〈 0.01）; the content of Mg in the dairy farm is higher than that of the duck farm （P 〈 0.05） and pig farm （P 〈 0.01）; the content of Mn in the pig farm is higher than that of the control group and dairy farm （P 〈 0.05）; the content of Mo in the duck farm is higher than that of the pig farm, dairy farm and control group （P 〈 0.01）; the content of Na in the dairy farm is higher than that of the duck farm （P 〈 0.05） and pig farm （P 〈 0.01）. The comparison between the rest is not significant （P 〉 0.05）. There is significant positive correlation between the content of Ca and the content of Mg, Mn and Na （P 〈 0.05） in the control group; the content of Mg has an extremely significant negative correlation （P〈 0.01） and an extremely significant positive correlation （P〈0.01） with Mo and Na respectively in the control group; in the duck farm, there is a significant positive correlation （P 〈 0.05） between the content of Ca and Mn, and there is also an extremely significant positive correlation （P 〈 0.01） between the content of Mg and Mo; the content of Ca in the pig farm has a significant positive correlation （P 〈 0.05） with the content of Mg; in the dairy farm, there is an extremely significant positive correlation （P 〈 0.05） between the content of Ca and the content of Mn as well as Mo, and there is a significant positive correlation （P 〈 0.05） between the content of Mn and Mo. Conclusion： The content of major element and trace element in the soil of different farms is higher than that of the control group, （P 〈 0.05） or （P 〈 0.01）, which is related to the biogas slurry and fermented fertilizer. The implementation of the mode of combination of planting and breeding and recycling can eliminate the antagonism between elements and do good to the growth of crops. There is a significant positive correlation （P 〈 0.05） between Mn and Mo in the dairy farm, which is beneficial to the growth of crops and provided reference for the soil management.