被遮蔽的立场:孟德斯鸠分权学说与真理论

A Camouflaged Standpoint:Montesquieu’s Separation of Powers Doctrine and The View of Truth

孟德斯鸠的分权学说是政治权力学说的一部分,但分权学说并未揭示分权理论推行过程中所面临的障碍。理解孟德斯鸠分权学说的关键在于理清权力与真理的关系,在任何国家,宣称掌握真理的先进性阶级或政党在取得权力并行使权力时,都极力回避分权学说,这说明分权学说同真理论在本质上是相互矛盾的,正因为如此,宣称掌握真理的阶级在权力初始分配时都利用真理论来捍卫自身独占的国家权力。

Montesquieu＇ s separation of powers doctrine is a part of the political power theory, but the theory of sep- aration of powers doctrine does not reveal obstacles in the process of implementation of decentralization. To under- stand the key point of decentralization theory, we should clarify the relationship between power and truth. In any country, the advanced social class or the political party who declare they have grasped the truth always try to evade the discussion of the separation of powers doctrine when they gain power and exercise the power vigorously. This shows that the view of truth is contradictory in nature with the separation of powers doctrine. Because of this, the class claiming possession of truth use the view of truth to defend their monopoly of state power in initial distribution of power.